Category 5 and Category 6 network installation

The Basic types of Ethernet networks are twisted pair Ethernets, Coax cable Ethernets, Fiber optics networks, and Wireless networks.
The twisted pair Ethernet will carry 10 Mbps to 1000 Mbps or one Gbps data.

CAT5 or category5 is an Ethernet network cable, which is defined by EIA/TIA (Electronic Industries Association and Telecommunication Industry Association). Category 5 is the most useful twisted pair and it belongs to fifth generation. CAT5 cable contains copper wire of four pairs. Only two pairs are used in Ethernet network. The newer one in CAT5 is CAT5e (Category 5 enhanced), which is used in Gigabit Ethernet of speed 1000 Mbps. CAT5 mainly contains two types, one is Solid and second one is Stranded. This Solid CAT5 twisted pair is used in office building. Stranded CAT5 cable is suitable for shorter length.

CAT6 or Category6 is also an Ethernet network cable, which is defined by EIA/TIA (Electronic Industries Association and Telecommunication Industry Association). This is the sixth generational twisted pair cable for Ethernet.

This also contains copper wires of four pairs same as fifth generational cable CAT5. However, Ethernet networking CAT6 uses all four pairs. This is mainly used in Gigabit Ethernet connections, which speed is 1 gigabit / Seconds or one Gbps. The speed of this cable is double than the CAT5e. CAT6a is the enhanced version in CAT6, which support the speed of 10 Gbps. The maximum length supported by CAT6 is 100m or 328 feet.

You can use this CAT5 or CAT5e cables for long run, for example you can connect your computer and yours next building computer. The ordinary Ethernet Network cable will not work for such distance. In particularly, direct burial or exterior CAT5 cables are used for long distance and not the ordinary CAT5 cables. The cost of the direct burial CAT5 cable is more. This is designed only for outside use. You need not use conduit for exterior-grade CAT5 cable because they are made with waterproof technology.

Both the CAT5 Ethernet cable and direct burial CAT5 Ethernet cable will attract the lighting strikes. Burying the cable is not the solution to avoid the lighting strike. You should install surge protectors with the cable for outdoors Ethernet networks to get the protection from lighting strikes.

Install your network with CAT5 and above cables.

What we need:
• You need a twisted pair wire approximately 100-foot reel
• You need ‘RJ45’ sockets
• You need modular plugs for hubs
• An Ethernet hub

• Ethernet cards
• And patch cables

The wires are commonly of two types. One is shielded (“STP”) and other one is Unshielded (“UTP”). For most of the application, we use UTP where STP is very hard to work. You can find the sockets in many types such as Radio Shack, or Phone Sockets or Home Depot. You can also get sockets for CAT5. This socket is useful for major things such as Ethernet, phone, audio, and video. Get modular plate to fix the Socket. The modular plate may come with two, three, four, six or twelve holes. Get modular plugs for your twisted pair cable, the modular plugs look like phone plugs. These plugs are different for Solid and Stranded wire, shielded, and unshielded. You can easily get hubs from any computer house, or good electrical shop. The hubs may vary in speed like some hubs supports 10 Mbps and some hubs will support 100 Mbps. They may also vary in number of ports in it like some hubs come with eight ports and some have 12 ports and other hubs may have higher number of ports. Get eight-port hub for your network.

For Assistance you may contact one of our friendly technical staff for a free quote on designing your local area network so we can help you choose between cat 5, cat5e, cat6 and/or cat 7 type of cabling. If you are in the Toronto, Ontario Canada area you may drop by our office. Alternatively you may contact us at info@connectsim.com

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Fiber Optic

The speed of the Fiber Optic is very high and it support up to gigabits. The bandwidth carrying capacity is very large. It can transmit the signals without any strengthened or refreshed. It contains heavy resistance in electromagnetic noise like motors or radios or other cables, which are near by to it. The maintenance cost of fiber optic is very less.

In communication signal transmission, the copper wires are replaced by fiber optics. This fiber optics can support the long distances and provide more supports for many kinds of network systems such as television services or office buildings, or university campuses, or electric utility companies or industrial plants. The system of the fiber optic is same as copper wire system. Fiber optics use the light pulses instead of electronic pulses to transmit the data.

Three kinds of optic cables are available. They are
• Single mode fiber optic
• Multimode fiber optic

These fiber optic cables are worked as light guide.

Single mode fiber optic cable: This is a single stand of glass fiber optic cable (but most applications use two fiber optics). The diameter of this single mode cable is 8.3 to 10 microns, which contains one mode of data transmission. This single mode fiber optic contains a narrow diameter. This single mode fiber will carry higher bandwidth than other fiber.

Multi-mode cable contains bigger diameter than single mode fiber optic. The diameter of this multi-mode cable is 50-100 micron. In USA, the common size for multi-mode cable is 62.5 micron. This multi-mode fiber optic is used in most of the applications. The multi-mode cable supports high bandwidth of 10-100 Mbps and high speed of 275m to 2km. Fiber optics are used in LAN (Local Area Networks) to connect the group of computers.

Fiber Optics Advantages:
• Less Expensive: The cost of the fiber optic is very less than the copper wire. That is why the service providers such as television cable or Internet are using the fiber optics than copper wire.
• Thinner: The diameter of the fiber optic is very small than the copper wire of twisted pair cable.
• Higher data carrying capacity: The optical fibers are very thin than the copper wire and twisted pair. You can bundle more fibers to get the diameter of the copper wire diameter. This allows more data transmission in Internet broadband connection or more channels will come in TV.
• Less signal degradation: You will find very few loss of signal in Fiber optics cables, where as in copper wire you will find the more.
• Light signals: The fiber optics use the light signals to transmit the data from place to other place. These light signals do not interfere with other fiber optics in same cable. Whereas if we are using the copper wire for our network then they will interfere with each other, this will cause the data loss.
• Low Power: In order to operate this fiber optics, low power is enough where as if you want to operate the copper wire then you need high voltage power.
• Digital signal: These Digital Signals are generally used in Computer networks and fiber optics is well suited for digital signals, so you can use this fiber optics for computer networks.
• Non-flammable: You will not find any fire hazard, because in fiber optics no electricity will pass.
• Lightweight: The weight of the optical fiber is less than the copper wire cable. If you are going to bury the fiber optic in ground, then it will take less space than copper wire.
• Flexible: This fiber optic is very flexible and transmits the light.

Most notable industries are computer networks, telecommunications and many more. If you call from USA to Canada or from Canada to USA then you will hear some noise, because of satellite connection. If you use fiber optics then you will not hear any echoes.

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Line-of-sight, Wireless network
With a wireless network, you may easily expand the flexibility and handiness of your home computers. It is very easy and affordable to build a home wireless network. Following are some of the tips:
Many people like the convenience of moving their computer around their house and still being connected to the internet and computer accessories. In the past, a computer network needs to be connected by wires. Many people spent their precious time and money by making holes in their walls to connect their computers. Today, you may sit in your kitchen with your computer, at your desk, or even outside in your yard. With a wireless home network in USA and Canada, you may free your computer from the cord.
An additional great feature of wireless networking is that each computer may be connected to only one printer, scanner or other peripheral device. There is no need to purchase several printers . Each computer may connect with the peripheral device and complete a job without any wires, and because of this, you can save money.
Giving these two options of installing a wireless network in your house, from this point, all you have to do is to install them in your own operating system and you are there to go. Light waves are dispersed into numerous paths, or modes, as they travel through the cable’s core typically 850 or 1300nm. Typical multimode fiber core diameters are of 50, 75 and 120micrometers. However, in long cable runs (greater than 3000 feet [914.4 meters), multiple paths of light can cause signal distortion at the receiving end, resulting in an unclear and incomplete data transmission so designers now call for single mode fiber in new applications using Gigabit and beyond.

Wireless Network 802.11a
It is a standard wired network for cabling purposes, which operates on 5 GHz band with a speed of 54 Mbps.

Wireless Network 802.11b
This operates on the 2.4 GHz bandwidth with a speed of 11Mbps.

Wireless Network 802.11g
This will operate on the same bandwidth as like as 802.11a network but the speed may differ. It will operate at a speed of 54Mbps.

Wireless Network 802.11n
This is used for the utilization of multiple antennas for receiving and transmitting the signals. This is generally used to achieve the speed of 600Mbps.

Wireless LANs need high frequency radio signals, infrared light beams, or lasers to communicate among the workstations and the file server or hubs. All workstation and file server on a wireless network has a number of sort of transceiver/antenna to send and receive the data. Information is relayed among transceivers as if they were physically connected. For longer distance, wireless network 802.11 communications can also take place through cellular telephone technology, microwave transmission, or by satellite. Wireless networks are enormous for allowing laptop computers or remote computers to connect to the LAN. Wireless networks are beneficial in older buildings where it can be difficult or impossible to install cables. Mainly two common types of infrared communications are used in schools.
1. Line-of sight
2. Scattered broadcast

Line-of-sight communication means that there should be an unblocked direct line between the workstation and the transceiver. If suppose a person walks within the line-of-sight while there were a transmission, the information would want to be sent again. This type of obstruction can slow down the wireless network. Scattered infrared communication is a broadcast of infrared transmissions sent out in multiple directions that bounces off walls and ceilings until it ultimately hits the receiver. Wireless Networking communications with laser are practically as like as line-of-sight infrared networks. Wireless LANs have many disadvantages.

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